Pankaj Chandak goes on a journey through the history of surgery, from the first antiseptics to med’’ and Great Ormond Street Hospitals and is working towards a PhD. Pankaj and his surgical team from Guy’s took part in Stephen Daldry’s Netflix Production The Crown to reproduce an original operation performed on King George VI in the 1950s - thought to be one of the few times real surgeons were used for film in this way. This talk was filmed at the Ri on 12. April 2017. The Ri is on Twitter: http://twitter.com/ri_science and Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/royalinstitution and Tumblr: http://ri-science.tumblr.com/ Our editorial policy: http://richannel.org/home/editorial-policy Subscribe for the latest science videos: http://bit.ly/RiNewsletter