Welcome to Part Two of our deep dive into the Drake Equation. In the second part, we explore the temporal aspect of the Drake Equation and how it illuminates a path towards an alternative formalism - the Birth-Death formalism. Join us as we move forward to the bleeding edge of modern research on the Drake Equation. Written and presneted by Prof David Kipping. Thanks to Jason Wright and Nadia Drake for help with this video. This video was sponsored by CuriosityStream - sign up for CuriosityStream here: https://curiositystream.com/CoolWorlds and be sure to use the code: "CoolWorlds" WATCH PART ONE HERE: https://youtu.be/dM_Pelfc92s You can support our research program and the Cool Worlds Lab at Columbia University: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support Get Stash here! https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store Thank-you to our supporters T. Widdowson, D. Smith, M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, J. Allen, S. Brownlee, G. Fulton, N. Kildal, M. Lijoi, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zanjonc, C. Wolfred, F. Rebolledo, T. Leger, L. Skov, G. Suter, M. Elliot, M. Wallstab, B. Daniluk, J. Patrick-Saunders, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, V. Alexandrov, L. Macchia, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, H. Jensen, F. Linker, J. Rockett, N. Fredrickson, N. Geisler, P. Cleeves, R. Case & B. Desormeaux. ::References:: ► Kipping, D., 2021, "A Stationary Drake Equation Distribution as a Balance of Birth-death Processes", RNAAS, 5, 44: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2515-5172/abeb7b ::Music:: Music licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], or via Creative Commons (CC) Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), or with permission from the artist ► "Waking Up" by Atlas ► "Always Dreaming" by Caleb Etheridge ► "The Sun is Scheduled to Come Out Tomorrow" by Chris Zabriskie ► "Y" by Joachim Heinrich ► "Fusion" by Indive ► "Cylinder Five" by Chris Zabriskie ►