What is the highest temperature in which life can survive? How far deep in the earth's crust below the ocean floor does life exist? In fall of 2016, a team lead by experts from JAMSTEC, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology conducted research aboard a deep-sea drilling vessel capable of digging up to thousands of meters below the ocean floor. In the world's first-ever survey, they dug up core samples from the sub-seafloor to examine the maximum temperature limit of life. Currently, the upper temperature limit stands at 122 degrees Celsius, coming from microbes found near a hydrothermal vent at the bottom of the ocean. We will focus on the survey that is drawing attention from around the world.